First detection of Toscana virus in Corsica,France

Toscana virus (TOSV) was detected for the first time from Phlebotomus perniciosus sandflies in Corsica, a French Mediterranean island. Genetic analysis showed that Corsican TOSV belongs to lineage A, together with Italian, Tunisian, Turkish and other French strains. The demonstration of TOSV in Corsica indicates that autochthonous and tourist populations are at risk of infection. Hence, physicians must consider TOSV as a possible cause of aseptic meningitis and unidentified febrile illness during the warm season.     

A realistic in vitro exposure revealed seasonal differences in (pro-)inflammatory effects from ambient air in Fribourg,Switzerland

Ambient air pollutant levels vary widely in space and time, therefore thorough local evaluation of possible effects is needed. In vitro approaches using lung cell cultures grown at the air–liquid interface and directly exposed to ambient air can offer a reliable addition to animal experimentations and epidemiological studies. To evaluate the adverse effects of ambient air in summer and winter a multi-cellular lung model (16HBE14o-, macrophages, and dendritic cells) was exposed in a mobile cell exposure system. Cells were exposed on up to three consecutive days each 12?h to ambient air from Fribourg, Switzerland, during summer and winter seasons. Higher particle number, particulate matter mass, and nitrogen oxide levels were observed in winter ambient air compared to summer. Good cell viability was seen in cells exposed to summer air and short-term winter air, but cells exposed three days to winter air were compromised. Exposure of summer ambient air revealed no significant upregulation of oxidative stress or pro-inflammatory genes. On the opposite, the winter ambient air exposure led to an increased oxidative stress after two exposure days, and an increase in three assessed pro-inflammatory genes already after 12?h of exposure. We found that even with a short exposure time of 12?h adverse effects in vitro were observed only during exposure to winter but not summer ambient air. With this work we have demonstrated that our simple, fast, and cost-effective approach can be used to assess (adverse) effects of ambient air.     

基于冬病夏治理论采用穴位贴敷疗法防治肺肾虚寒型肺胀临床观察

目的探讨应用冬病夏治理论,采用穴位贴敷疗法防治肺肾虚寒型肺胀的临床疗效。方法将符合肺肾虚寒型肺胀诊断标准的60例患者,随机分成对照组和观察组各30例。对照组予以常规治疗和护理,观察组则在对照组的基础上,予穴位贴敷疗法,对比2组患者干预前后的疗效差异。结果与本组干预前比较,2组干预后的症状积分均较干预前下降(P<0.05);与对照组干预后比较,观察组干预后的症状积分下降更明显(P<0.05),观察组优于对照组;比较2组治疗总有效率,观察组高于对照组(х^2=4.58,P<0.05)。结论对肺肾虚寒型肺胀患者予冬病夏治穴位贴敷疗法,可降低其临床症状和提高治疗效果。     

Closing the summer learning gap for vulnerable learners: an exploratory study of a summer literacy programme for kindergarten children at‐risk for reading difficulties

School summer vacation may create a significant gap in the learning cycle. Such a gap may be particularly detrimental for vulnerable children such as those with lower academic achievement due to learning and language disabilities, lower socio‐economic environments or learning in a language other than their native language. The current exploratory study investigated the efficacy of a summer family literacy programme on the reading achievement of 14 four‐year‐old children completing their pre‐kindergarten year. All participating children were identified by their classroom teacher and a subsequent reading assessment to be at‐risk for reading difficulties. Children and one of their primary caregivers participated in a five‐week summer literacy programme. The programme consisted of literacy‐based activities for both children and caregivers. The results of the study indicated that children demonstrated significant gains in all aspects of literacy, thus reversing the summer learning loss expectancy.     

中药离子导入敷贴防治小儿反复呼吸道感染方案比较

目的比较夏季三伏、冬夏伏九2种中药离子导入敷贴方案防治小儿反复呼吸道感染（ recurrent respiratory tract infection, RRTI）的临床疗效。方法采用多中心、随机对照、重复测量、单盲设计,临床收集240例反复呼吸道感染患儿,随机分为三伏组和伏九组各120例,借助离子导入仪,进行中药穴位敷贴,治疗1年,再随访1年,观察2组治疗前后呼吸道感染的发病次数、发作期病程、中医症候,并分时间点检测唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白A （sIgA）。结果（1）伏九组临床疗效优于三伏组,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。（2）2组均可减少发病次数,缩短发作期病程,改善中医症候（P＜0．05）,其中伏九组较三伏组作用更显著（P＜0．05）。（3）伏九组不同时间点sIgA呈持续上升趋势,三伏组不同时间点sIgA呈轻度下降趋势（P＜0．05）。结论中药离子导入敷贴防治小儿反复呼吸道感染,冬夏伏九方案优于夏季三伏方案,值得临床继续探讨。     

三伏针灸临床运用初探

中医强调人只有顺应自然,才能保证身体健康;治病亦讲究合天时,以求达到速效之功。冬病夏治三伏针灸很好地体现了中医治病＂合天时＂的思想,是＂天人合一＂的整体观和＂未病先防＂的疾病预防观的具体应用。文章主要从三伏针灸的历史渊源、临床应用、现代研究及其适应病症等方面对三伏针灸探讨,为今后进一步的临床应用和研究提供参考。     

冬夏结合法治疗哮喘的回顾性分析

文章通过对＂冬夏结合＂法与单纯＂冬病夏治＂法疗效的回顾性对比分析,结果显示,冬夏结合法通过补益人体正气,调节脏腑阴阳,对缓解期哮喘的症状有良好的控制作用,该方法值得推广应用。     

冬病夏治“喘敷贴”穴位贴敷临床研究

目的探讨＂喘敷贴＂穴位敷贴预防支气管哮喘的临床疗效及安全性。方法选择143例支气管哮喘患者,随机分为试验组和对照组。试验组采取穴位贴敷方法,对照组贴敷安慰剂。两组均间隔4d贴敷1次,共贴敷8次。通过观察两组患者治疗前后的中医临床症状来评价＂喘敷贴＂预防哮喘的临床疗效。结果中医证候疗效评价显示,试验组总有效率为94.67%,对照组总有效率为47.06%。单项症状喘息疗效评价显示,试验组总有效率为95.24%,对照组为51.02%;胸膈满闷疗效评价显示,试验组总有效率为90.62%,对照组为55.10%;哮鸣音疗效评价显示,试验组总有效率为95.16%,对照组为40.82%。结论中药＂喘敷贴＂三伏天穴位贴敷可显著减轻哮喘缓解期患者的症状,有利于控制哮喘病冬季发作。     

论中医夏季养生调摄观

夏季是一年中自然界阳气最旺的时期,天地气交,阳长阴消达到顶点,人们应该合理的利用自然界阳热之势调补身体。该文从起居有常、饮食有节、精神舒畅、劳作有度、房事和合等方面,结合夏季的特点,根据天人相应理论,探讨中医夏季养生的原则。     

杏苏散加减治疗暑季外感咳嗽

寒、寒挟湿或过于寒凉是外感暑季咳嗽常见病因。宣散通气是治疗暑季外感咳嗽的治则治法,阐述在古方杏苏散的基础上进行加减治疗暑季外感咳嗽的机制和临床经验。